The Successive Government Child Care Policies

The straight Government squirt Care PoliciesSuccessive governments drop refined both enactment and insurance, so that in general, the legislative frame serve for protecting nipperren is basically sound. I conclude that the gap is non a matter of truth but in its implementation. ( superior Laming, 2003, p. 7)The name friendly policy is utilise to apply to the policies which governments use for eudaimonia and friendly protective covering and the counsels in which welfare is developed. genial cast design is non only ab come in individual makes, it withal considers societal linguistic context. This tender context includes the range of inter-professional agencies contributing to packages of premeditation and protective cover, as well as the similitudeships mingled with run users and their families, friends and communities. REF current UK affable policy is the restructuring of public get in order to get them to achieve the goals of grater economy, efficiency a nd in effect(p)ness, and closer tie in in the midst of the public sector and former(a) providers of welfare. (2010, p.13)This essay w tuberculous tonus at some of the key legislations and policies aimed to protect nipperren from either type of maltreatment. Firstly, I will give a definition of child abuse and sooner discussing the question posed on this essay, I am going to summary some of the key legislations, policies and guidelines concerning child protection, as well as picture description on each. I will then go on to discuss some of the outlined legislations and policies and their equal on cordial work practice and also if they sire been dish upful in protecting children in the UK. Finally, the last part of this essay will be a stopping point on the arguments that redeem been unfolded on the essay. tyke Abuse Prevention authorship (2002), defines child abuse as constituting all forms of physical and emotional ill treatment, sexual abuse, neglect or negligent t reatment or commercial message or other exploitation, resulting in actual or potential wound in the childs health, survival, development or dignity in the context of a relationship of responsibility, trust or power .?England has a farseeing explanation of child protection laws dating lynchpin to 1889 with the Childrens Charter. Since then, England has passed m some(prenominal) laws and policies as a result of oddment inquires. Following the devastation of Dennis ONeill in 1946, the Curtis Committee was coterie up to examine the conditions of children deprived of a normal family life which afterwards on resulted in the Children prompt 1948 (Hill, 2003). The main principles of the impress included establishing topical anesthetic Authority Childrens departments, promoting foster rather than residential care and w here(predicate) possible rehabilitating children back to their families (Hendrick, 2003) full ref.As a result of many other incidental inquires carried out in the 70s and 80s, as well as a need for clearer guidance in laws relating to children, the Children Act 1989 (CA89) was implemented. Its fundamental principles were that it addressed the balance in the midst of child protection and family support services introducing the concept of a child in need, it also emphasised parental responsibility rather than concentrate on parental rights. The Act introduced a range of new orders including here the Child Assessment Order, Family Assistance Order, Specific Issue Order, Prohibited stairs Order, and Educational Order) as well as extended the circumstances in which Interim Orders could be made. (Jowitt OLoughlin, 2006).fullSince the CA89, many new laws have been passed to strengthen the ways in which children are protected. Victoria Climbie aged eight, died from no less than 128 injuries, in February 2000. The subsequent examination into her death chaired by Lord Laming was the first inquiry to include all 3 key agencies, Local Authority, He alth work and the Police. The inquiry made over 100 recommendations for restructuring child protection services, much often than not focussing on the responsibilities of individuals and agencies to children and families, and on service co-ordination.The Governments response to the Laming Enquiry was close immediate by means of the production of the green paper Every Child Matters, 2003 (ECM) which focused on four key themes. These included supporting families where a need is identified and early treatment in relation to child protection. In conjunction with ECM came the Children Act 2004 (CA04), the Act encompasses several components found on recommendations from the Laming Report (Allen, 2008)The reforms presented by the ECM agenda and CA04 aimed to improve multi-disciplinary on the job(p) and integrate service delivery and increase accountability. I am in no doubt that effective support for children and families cannot be achieved by a one agency acting alone. It depends on a number of agencies operative together. It is a multy- disciplinary task (para. 130)The Children Act 2004 however, does not introduce a range of new child protection powers, Bammer explains the CA04 as ..setting the foundations for good practice in the use of existing powers through a holistic integrated approach to child care (Bammer, 2010, p.182)CAF is one of the many changes introduced in the Children Act 2004 and plays a major part in improving services to children and families in line with the government Every Child Matters agenda.CAF will play a key role in improving outcomes for children and issue muckle by ensuring services are timely and responsive and based on pursuant(predicate) assessment of their individual ineluctably.Some of the benefits to children, juvenility soul bulk and their families areAssessments employ CAF are de-stigmatising, as they look at the undivided child and pull back account of family strengths as well as their needs.CAF assessments are undertaken in confederateship with families, and enable them to take the function in identifying needs.CAF assessments are shared, with consent, between agencies so families will no chronic have to repeat their instruction once again and again to different agencies and service providers.CAF assessments will support and enhance effective communication between agencies, enabling them to work together more efficaciously in order to edge the needs of children, childly people and families.This is where the special K Assessment Framework (CAF) comes in. The CAF is be introduced in all LEAs between April 2006 and declination 2008. You may be familiar with the process because your school may already be piloting it.We all want better lives for our young people and we be that some pupils dont thrive either in or out of school or get support until it is too late. The CAF will help identify them earlier, before things reach crisis point.The easiest and or so consistent way to do this is to make positive(predicate) that every person whose job involves working with young people is prepared and able to help if something is going wrong. The CAF is a woodpecker that will help identify needs for all services, including health, social services, practice of law and schools etc.The extend of the failure to protect Victoria was lamentable. Tragically, it required nil more than basic good practice being put into operation. This neer happened. Lord Laming (2003, para.1.17).Another key element of the ECM strategy is the creative activity of the Common Assessment Framework (CAF) which was introduced by the CA04. CAF focuses on early discourse for children in need and although consent driven, can be initiated by any professional concerned roughly a child. A single lead professional would be nominated by the child or family and would be responsible for putting together a package of services to meet the childs needs. The lead professional would also decide wheth er concerns by other practitioners along with in defining gathered warranted intervention and would be responsible for the sharing of information between all persons involved on a need to k outright basis ( subtracton, 2006).CA04 reforms also implemented Local ramparting Children posters (LSCB) as the statutory successors of line of business Child breastplate Committees (ACPC), (Parton, 2006, p.159). LSCBs were set up in 2006, when strategy plans for children and young people were published. Some of the tasks that the LSCBs are required to perform include, agreeing how different systems in their local area co-operate to shield and promote the welfare of children, provide single and inter-agency culture and guidance for recruiting people applying to work with children, (Department of Health, 2006. Section 3.3).Local Safeguarding Children Boards (LSCBs) were open up under the Children Act 2004 and have the responsibility for co-ordinating and ensuring the effectiveness of the work of partner bodies to safeguard and promote the welfare of children (Children Act 2004, Section 14).Changes to the child protection register where also implemented following Every Child Matters. The child protection register was abolished in 2008 as a result any child previously included on the register is now know as A Child who is cognitive content to a Child Protection Plan. miscue conferences and Core Groups are still being held for children who are at continuing risk of significant harm, however, discussion are no longer in favour for or against registration, but if the child should remain subject to a Child protection Plan (Oldham LSCB, 2006 FULL). The plan should outline what needs to change, how this will be achieved and by who, with realistic timescales to implement changes and a fortuity plan should this fail (DOH workings unneurotic, 2006. Section 5).Further amending legislation such as the Children and juvenility Persons Act 2008 have been introduced and in th e aftermath of the well-publicised treat P courtship we may see more legislative activity. reciprocationOver the last forty years, reform after reform has been think to improve the quality of the protection provided to children and young people and compensate for failures in practice. Many of these reforms were a response of evidences from numerous inspections and high-profile reviews into childrens deaths, (Apendix 1)Recently, the circumstances around the death of Baby Peter led to .The Coalition Government has already endorsed the work of the SWRB has following the recommendations of the Social Work Task Force and deep down weeks of its formation the new Government has proceeded with further reforms including new statutory guidance on the publication of SCRs.The many changes have been most striking in relation to social work practice, an area where it can be argued there was most need for improvement. While in the 1970s there was relatively circumstantial guidance on dealing with child abuse and neglect, social workers now have a range of assessment and decision do tools, admittance to research evidence, and software programmes that shape, often in unintended ways, how a case is managed.The 1989 Children Act was described by the then Lord Chancellor as the most comprehensive and far reaching childcare law in living memory (Hendrick, H, 2003, Child welfare, pg 96.) It promoted the welfare of the child as being paramount. This meant it was the first piece of legislation that put children at the forefront of its agenda. harmonise to Hendrick (2003) although rights for children had been advanced, it did not consult any children in the process of the forming of the Act and it is originate in from Government authorities.The Children Act 2004 introduced a foundation for good practice, however, section 58 of this Act as it currently stands legitimises the use of physical punishmentit has long been recognised by the law that a parent or person with parental authority may use reasonable punishment to pass up a child. This is the defence of reasonable chastisement or reasonable punishment (CA 2004, s. 58, paragraph. 237).The FPI believes that giving people who are smaller and weaker fewer rights to protection in this regard is unacceptable. The argument that parents have a right in their receive home to discipline their children as they choose, in other words that parents have proprietorial rights over children and a consequent right to hit them, recalls arguments that were once used in relation to husbands and wives. there is also an issue of discrimination in the use of visible marks as a measure of the acceptableness of physical punishment. This will give less protection to babies and children whose skin is not white.Something about risk assessment and how we can not be sure that the child is fully protected as a result of this assessment.Disabilities on Act 1989.LCBLocal Safeguarding Children Boards (LSCBs) are the current statut ory mechanism through which the partners in local areas agree on ways to co-ordinate their safeguarding services. Their statutory functions include developing and agreeing local safeguarding policies and procedures providing training making assessments about the impact and effectiveness of local safeguarding arrangements and undertaking serious case and child death reviews.However the current coalition government is focusing the early intervention on the first years of a childs life pretending that this way they will assure that they are going to be brought up without abuse. Young teenagesinitial assessment from 7d to 10dIn April 2008 the Public Law Outline (PLO), a new approach to casemanagement, was introduced to reduce delay in care proceedings. It istoo soon to be clear about the impact of the interpolation of the PLO,and in particular whether or not it has increased workloads and addedto delays in the process. There is currently conflicting evidence, forinstance, whilst a numb er of contributions to this report raisedconcerns about the impact of the PLO, in London, the number of careproceedings cases being terminate in under 40 weeks in care centreshas risen from 22 per cent to 36 per cent when comparing the datafor the quarter before the introduction of the PLO with the latest datafollowing its implementation.ConcludeSocial policy isThere are a collection of legislations, policies and guidelines that social workers must have knowledge of when practicing their profession. Lord Laming argues in his last report that further legislative change is not what is needed to protect children it is vital that all professionals fully understand the legislative framework in relation to safeguarding and child protection, and have a clear understanding of their responsibilities in the process (2009, p.78).A joint theme throughout all is the desire to protect and promote the welfare and safety of children. A sad reality is that some children will unceasingly need th e statutory services and intervention of local authorities and the courts as parents are not always able to make the changes required to safeguard their children. Every Child Matters is, in some ways, a refreshing and mathematical group reform in the ways public services are evaluate to work with children, young people and families. On the other hand however, it also to some extent offers a sweeping vision about children and young peoples entitlements whilst delegating full accountability for the delivery of the services that enable children, young people and their parents/carers to local public services. What cannot be rejected however is the immenseness of the document to get agencies who work with groups of young people to develop more effective ways of working together and creating an arena of more accountability. In the construction of Every Child Matters as a favoured way of thinking, politicians and polished servants have aggressively projected individual collective and n ational anxieties and insecurities onto diverse, dynamic, tortuous and uncertain fields of practice where managers and practitioners work closely with many of Englands most vulnerable, troubled / troublesome children, young people and families.In conclusion, the social policies, legislation and organisational context of social work are important factors that go towards the whole process of social work. It is important to know the skills and knowledge in law and policy, but also to have the knowledge and skills in interpreting and applying social work law to practice and emphasising the role of law in promoting social work values and purpose. As stated within the essay, this is part of the dispute of social work, certain laws and policies conflict with other laws, including policies of multi-professional organisations, and where ethical issues come into ordain allowing the social worker to draw on knowledge and life experience, empowering the service user by using the skills knowl edge and values, which will help in challenging inequality, oppression and discrimination. There is also the requirement of the GSCC framework that social workers must be able to work in accordance with statutory and legal requirements, and carry out their work with professional conduct within multi-professional organisations and to be accountable if they fail to do so.Baby peter and the cutsJonathan deuce sees social work poised between the four points of a baseball diamond its duties to the state, its obligations to service users, its responsibilities to its own professional standards, and its accountability to organisational imperatives (2010, p.11)The aim is to make it harder for people to do something wrong and easier for them to do it right. US Institute of Medicine (1999, p.2) phrase CountBibliography ReferencesAllen, N. (2008) Making Sense of the Children Act 1989, 4th ed. West Sussex conjuring trick Wiley Sons.Corby, B. (2006) Child Abuse, Towards a Knowledge Base. Be rkshire Open University Press.Department of Health (DOH) (2006) Working Together To Safeguard Children, Every Child Matters, Change for Children. London SOEvery Child Matters (2006) online usable at http//education.gov.uk/publications/eOrderingDownload/CM5860.pdf Accessed 11/1/2011 Hendrck, H. (2003) Child Welfare, Historical Dimensions, Contemporary Debate. Bristol Policy Press.Hill, M. (2003) Understanding Social Policy, 7th ed. Oxford Blackwell Publishing.Jowitt, M. OLoughlin, S. (2006) Social Work with Children Families. Exeter Learning Matters.Laming, L. (2003) The Victoria Climbi Inquiry. online Available at http//www.sunderlandchildrenstrust.org.uk/content/laming%20report%20summary.pdf (Accessed 11/1/2011)Parton, N. (2006) Safeguarding Childhood, Early Intervention and Surveillance in a young Modern Society. Hampshire Palgrave Macmillan.Walsh,M. Stephens,P. Moore,S. ((2000) Social Policy and Welfare. Cheltenham Stanley Thorne Publishers. RSPCA (2008) online Available at h ttp//www.rspca.org.uk/servlet/Satellite?pagename=RSPCA/RSPCARedirectpg=about_the_rspca Accessed 11/01/2011Children Act (1989), online Available athttp//www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1989/41/contents Accessed 11/01/2011Children Act (2004), online Available athttp//www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/31/notes/contents?view=extentAccessed 11/01/2011Lord Laming, The Protection of Children In England A Progress Report, (2009), online Available athttp//www.dcsf.gov.uk/everychildmatters/resources-and-practice/IG00361/ Accessed 11/01/2011US Institute of Medicine (1999), To slip is Human Building a Safer Health System, Washington D.C., National Academic Press, online Available athttp//www.iom.edu//media/Files/ReportFiles/1999/To-Err-is-human/To Err is Human 1999 report brief.pdf Accessed 11/01/2011Parton, N. (2010), The Increasing Complexity of Working Together to Safeguard Children in EnglandThe Munro Review of Child Protection Part One A Systems Analysis, (2010) online Available athttp//www .education.gov.uk/munroreview/downloads/TheMunroReviewofChildProtection-Part one.pdf Accessed 11/01/2011London Safeguarding Children Board Overview Panel Procedures, online Available athttp//www.londonscb.gov.uk/files/resources/cdop/overview_panel_procedure.pdfAccessed 11/01/2011Working Together to Safeguard Children (2010), online Available athttp//www.education.gov.uk/publications//eOrderingDownload/00305-2010DOM-EN-v3.pdf Accessed 11/01/2011Being a Parent in Real World, online Available athttp//www.dcsf.gov.uk/familyinformationdirect/downloads/BeingParentinRealWorldbkt.pdf Accessed 11/01/2011Children are Unbeatable, online Available athttp//www.childrenareunbeatable.org.uk/pdfs/newsletters/CAU-Issue01.pdfAccessed 11/01/2011Social Work Reform Board (SWRB)Serious Case Overview Report Relating to Peter Connelly (2009), online Available athttp//media.education.gov.uk/assets/files/pdf/s/second Accessed 11/01/2011Nick Allen, 2005, Making Sense of the Children Act 1989 online Available athttp//books.google.co.uk/books?id=fWx4kUsXbhUCpg=PR4dq=making+sense+of+the+Children+Act+1989+and+related+legislations+for+the+social+and+welfare+system+2005hl=enei=P4g5Td_YF8WwhQfk8MnJCgsa=Xoi=book_resultct=resultresnum=4ved=0CD0Q6AEwAwv=onepageqf= preposterous Accessed 11/01/2011Dickens, J., 2009, Social work and social policy an introduction, Taylor Francis, online Available athttp//books.google.co.uk/books?id=UOcJ8B98Gl8Cprintsec=frontcoverdq=Social+work+and+social+policy+an+introductionhl=enei=y0Q-TfTYB5Tw4gb0jPWNCgsa=Xoi=book_resultct=resultresnum=1ved=0CC8Q6AEwAAv=onepageqf=false Accessed 11/01/2011DoH, Home Office, D of E, (2000) The Framework for Assessment for Children in contract and their Families online Available atStateProfessionService UsersOrganisation estimate 1.1 The social work diamondStateSocial policy, social work and other social professions as parts of the machinery of state support and control. unwrap factors Roles of central government and local authorit ies. National policies, legislations, taxation and government spending. Roles of the Parliament, courts, restrictive bodies. Overlaps and tensions between these different parts of the state. Political conflict about the graceful role of the state.ProfessionSocial policy, social work and other social professions as top-down, expert-led activities.Key factors Professional Professional attributes such as training and expertise, standards and skills, service ethics, self-regulation, But there are criticism of elitism, self-interest and status, and the modify effects of professionals.Service usersSocial policy, social work and other social professions as bottom-up, user-led activities.Key factors Roles of individuals, families and neighbourhoods campaign groups and self-help groups. Concepts of participation, inclusion, empowerment, control. But there are tensions between different service users, and questions about how much power and choice they actually have or should have.Organisa tionSocial policy, social work and other social professions as activities that shaped by their organisational setting.Key factors Type of organisation statutory (e.g. local authority), Voluntary or business. Inter-agency working. Processes for user involvement. Bureaucracy, regulation and managerialism. Budgets and profits.(Dickens, 2009 p.12-13)